As established, most damage caused by ultraviolet light to one’s physical appearance is mediated by the extensive existence of Free Radicals within the skin.
Thankfully, nature has provided us with the recent buzzword in cosmetics, Antioxidants. These are Free Radical quenchers, meaning they become inactivated, ceasing their harmful effects that are so rapid and vast.
With this knowledge it becomes clear that sun protection without the addition of these incredible compounds seems pointless.
There are a fair few of antioxidants, some that are required by the body in higher doses and others only in trace amounts. The most necessary are those deemed the skin’s essential ‘Antioxidant Network’, including; Vitamins C & E, Glutathione, Alpha Lipoic Acid and Coenzyme Q10. They are considered as such due to their ability to enhance the power of one another. Other antioxidants are Vitamin D, Beta-carotene, Vitamin B3, B5, B12, Selenium, Superoxide Dismutase and Zinc. They are recommended to be taken orally as well as supplied topically as they powerfully reduce the consequences of UV rays.
Vitamin C is engaged in central processes for healthy collagen and elastin production which has a great effect on the strength of the skin as well as its elasticity. In addition to these almighty responsibilities, as an antioxidant the vitamin is in control of converting Vitamin E molecules that have been deactivated by the act of quenching Free Radicals to their active state. Deposited in the skin, they also help to diminish Free Radical damage.
Vitamin E is considered one of the more powerful antioxidants because of its special relationship with the lipoproteins of our cell membranes, protecting the encased DNA from mutations and cancers.
Glutathione, though crucial for defending and repairing DNA cannot be supplied either orally or topically since it is so unstable outside of our cells and poorly absorbed, which is where Alpha Lipoic Acid proves its own prominence in its ability to recycle glutathione. In fact, it is known as the universal antioxidant, owing to its unique characteristic of fluidity between areas inside and outside of the cell, providing wide protection. The production of energy creates a considerable amount of Free Radicals which is thankfully handled by Coenzyme Q10 and importantly it also works as a Vitamin C reactivator.
Antioxidants as a sunscreen is a relatively new concept in the cosmetic industry, however it is paramount to be absolute in understanding that these are not UV blockers but fundamental partners in sun protection.